International Treaties Forge Global Alliance Against Transboundary Pollution
الاتفاقيات الدوليةتحالف عالمي ضد التلوث العابر للحدود
بينما يعتقد كثير من الناس أنَّ التلوث مشكلة محلية منحصرة في المناطق التي تُصدر التلوث والانبعاثات الضارة – يكشف العلم حقيقة مدهشة؛ هي أنَّ التلوث لا يعترف بالحدود، لذا سوف تتناول Earth Guards في هذا المقال ظاهرةَ “التقطير العالمي”، وتناقش الاتفاقيات الدولية التي تحد من هذه الظاهرة البيئية؛ So continue reading with us.
The concept of global distillation effect
تشرح “مجلة Nature” ظاهرةَ التقطير العالمي The Grasshopper Effect”” بأنها الملوثات العضوية الثابتة -مثل المبيدات الزراعية، والمواد الكيميائية الصناعية- التي تتبخر بفعل الحرارة في بعض المناطق، فتنتقل إلى المناطق الباردة، وهناك تتكثف بسبب البرودة؛ And then this one movesPollutants – scientifically referred to as persistent organic pollutants – repeatedly pass through cycles of evaporation and condensation, forming a pattern resembling locusts jumping from one area to another.
Realistic examples
According to research published by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), transboundary pollution – according to research published by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) – causes the deterioration of the ecosystems of the Arctic and Antarctica, causing a nutritional imbalance and a decline in the numbers of endangered species.
In the Arctic – specifically – studies conducted by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the United States of America (NOAA) showed the accumulation of DDT – DDT is used as an insecticide – in the fatty tissues of some polar animals such as bears and seals, and this is despite the fact that suchThis material has never been used in the polar regions.
There is another example of the phenomenon of transfer of persistent organic pollutants: إذْ تغطي سُحب الكربون الأسود الأنهار الجليدية في سلسلة جبال الهيمالايا، وهو الأمر الذي يتسبب في ذوبان هذه الأنهار بوتيرة أسرع من أي وقت مضى.
As for human health, studies have shown a link between exposure to persistent organic pollutants and serious health problems, including endocrine disorders, cancer, and heart disease. وحينئذٍ تتقوض جهود التنمية المستدامة في قطاع الصحة وغيره من القطاعات الحيوية.
International Solutions and Response
To limit the impact of this phenomenon, countries have adopted a number of international agreements, according to the Science Direct website. In more detail, we will shed light in the following linesOn the most prominent of these agreements, explaining the role of each of them in promoting environmental sustainability; It is:
MARPOL Agreement(MARPOL)
The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) is the oldest international effort to combat marine pollution. This convention was signed in 1973 under the supervision of the International Maritime Organization (IMO), and aims to reduce pollution resulting from ships due to oil spills, chemical waste, or plastic materials. MARPOL is considered one of the most successful agreements in reducing marine pollution. Because it is regularly updated to include regulations related to sulfur emissions from ship fuel.
Long-Range Atmospheric Pollution Convention (LRTAP)
The Atmospheric Pollution Convention was adoptedLong-Range Transboundary Plan (LRTAP) was established in 1979 under the auspices of the Economic Commission for Europe, a United Nations committee. This agreement aims to reduce the emission of transboundary pollution, such as sulfur dioxide and persistent organic materials in general. This agreement is a great example of regional cooperation. Because many European countries – along with North American countries – participated in it, in order to improve air quality and reduce cross-border pollution.
Basel Convention
The Basel Convention entered into force in 1992 and focused on the management and treatment of hazardous waste. It is an agreement that imposes strict regulations on the waste that developed countries export to developing countries. With this approach, the Basel Convention has become an international model for managing hazardous waste and reducing its environmental risks.
Stockholm Agreement
The Stockholm Convention has been combating persistent organic pollutants since 2001, especially hazardous chemicals such as DDT pesticides, and industrial substances such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) – a class of chemical compounds, used as an insulator in capacitors and electrical transformers – and the Stockholm Convention also supports developing countries and helps them implement chemical management programs Sustainable.
ASEAN Agreement
In Southeast Asia, the ASEAN Convention on Transboundary Haze Pollution Control was signed, an international attempt to address the haze crisis caused by forest fires; Hence, the ASEAN Agreement has an important role in enhancing Asian cooperation in the field of combating emissions resulting fromFires, ensuring air quality, as well as becoming an international emergency plan to reduce haze in Southeast Asia and other regions.
Paris Agreement
In 2015, the countries of the world signed the Paris Agreement under the umbrella of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, through which the world sought to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, limit the rise in global temperature above 1.5 degrees, as well as reduce persistent organic pollutants by stimulating innovation in clean energy and supporting sustainable environmental policies.
In conclusion, it appears to us that such agreements view transboundary pollution as a global problem that all governments and organizations must address. So that we can provide sustainable solutions and environmental innovations, and this is what we believe inEarth Guardsand emphasizes this in all its awareness activities; In order to ensure a sustainable future for us and for future generations.
